A matsayinka na ma'aikacin caja na EV, kana cikin kasuwancin siyar da wutar lantarki. Amma kuna fuskantar sabani na yau da kullun: kuna sarrafa iko, amma ba ku sarrafa abokin ciniki. Abokin ciniki na gaskiya don cajar ku shine abin hawaEV tsarin sarrafa baturi (BMS)- "akwatin baƙar fata" wanda ke nuna idan, lokacin, da kuma saurin yadda mota za ta yi caji.
Wannan shi ne tushen abin takaicin da kuka fi sani. Lokacin da taron caji ya gaza ba tare da fayyace ba ko sabuwar mota ta yi cajin cikin sauri mai ban takaici, BMS na yanke shawara. A cewar wani binciken JD Power na baya-bayan nan.1 cikin 5 na yunƙurin cajin jama'a ya gaza, kuma kurakuran sadarwa tsakanin tashar da abin hawa shine babban laifi.
Wannan jagorar zai buɗe waccan akwatin baƙar fata. Za mu matsa sama da ainihin ma'anar da aka samo a wani wuri. Za mu bincika yadda BMS ke sadarwa, yadda yake tasiri ayyukanku, da kuma yadda zaku iya amfani da shi don gina ingantaccen hanyar sadarwa ta caji, mai hankali da riba.
Matsayin BMS A Cikin Mota
Da farko, bari mu ɗan taƙaita abin da BMS ke yi a ciki. Wannan mahallin yana da mahimmanci. A cikin abin hawa, BMS shine mai kula da fakitin baturi, wani abu mai rikitarwa da tsada. Babban ayyukanta, kamar yadda aka zayyana ta tushe kamar Sashen Makamashi na Amurka, sune:
• Sa ido kan salula:Yana aiki kamar likita, koyaushe yana duba mahimman alamun (ƙarfin wutar lantarki, zafin jiki, halin yanzu) na ɗaruruwa ko dubban ƙwayoyin baturi ɗaya.
• Lissafin Jiha na Caji (SoC) & Lafiya (SoH):Yana ba da "ma'aunin man fetur" ga direba kuma yana bincikar lafiyar baturi na dogon lokaci.
• Tsaro & Kariya:Babban aikinsa shi ne hana gazawar bala'i ta hanyar karewa daga yin caji fiye da kima, yawan fitarwa, da guduwar zafi.
• Daidaitawar salula:Yana tabbatar da cewa duk sel ana caje su kuma ana fitar dasu daidai gwargwado, yana ƙara ƙarfin fakitin da za a iya amfani da shi da kuma tsawaita rayuwar sabis.
Waɗannan ayyuka na cikin gida kai tsaye suna ba da umarnin halin cajin abin hawa.
Muhadara Mai Mahimmanci: Yadda BMS ke Sadarwa da Caja na ku
Mafi mahimmancin ra'ayi ga mai aiki shine hanyar sadarwa. Wannan "musafaha" tsakanin cajar ku da BMS abin abin hawa yana ƙayyade komai. Maɓalli mai mahimmanci na kowane zamaniEV Cajin Tashar Zaneyana shirin ci gaba da sadarwa.
Sadarwa ta asali (Musafin Hannu na Analog)
Madaidaicin Level 2 AC caji, wanda aka ayyana ta ma'aunin SAE J1772, yana amfani da siginar analog mai sauƙi mai suna Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM). Yi la'akari da wannan a matsayin ainihin mahimmanci, tattaunawa ta hanya ɗaya.
1. Na kuKayan Aikin Samar da Motocin Lantarki (EVSE)aika sigina yana cewa, "Zan iya bayar da har zuwa 32 amps."
2.BMS na abin hawa yana karɓar wannan sigina.
3.BMS sai ya gaya wa cajar motar, "Ok, an share ku don zana har zuwa 32 amps."
Wannan hanyar abin dogaro ne amma tana ba da kusan babu bayanai baya ga caja.
Babban Sadarwa (Tattaunawar Dijital): ISO 15118
Wannan shine gaba, kuma yana nan. ISO 15118babbar ka'idar sadarwa ce ta dijital wacce ke ba da damar tattaunawa mai wadata, tattaunawa ta hanyoyi biyu tsakanin abin hawa da tashar caji. Wannan sadarwa tana faruwa ne akan layukan wutar da kansu.
Wannan ma'aunin shine ginshiƙin kowane fasalin caji mai ci gaba. Yana da mahimmanci ga cibiyoyin caji na zamani, masu hankali. Manyan ƙungiyoyin masana'antu kamar CharIN eV suna haɓaka karɓuwarsa ta duniya.
Yadda ISO 15118 da OCPP ke aiki tare
Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa waɗannan ma'auni biyu ne daban-daban, amma ma'auni.
• OCPP(Open Charge Point Protocol) shine yaren kucaja yana amfani da shi don magana da software na gudanarwa na tsakiya (CSMS)a cikin gajimare.
• ISO 15118shine harshen kucaja yana amfani da shi don magana kai tsaye zuwa BMS abin abin hawa. Tsarin wayo na gaske yana buƙatar duka biyu suyi aiki.
Yadda BMS ke Tasirin Ayyukanku na yau da kullun kai tsaye
Lokacin da kuka fahimci aikin BMS a matsayin mai tsaro da sadarwa, matsalolin aikin ku na yau da kullun sun fara yin ma'ana.
•Asirin "Caji Curve":Zaman caji mai sauri na DC baya tsayawa a mafi girman saurin sa na dogon lokaci. Gudun yana raguwa sosai bayan baturin ya kai 60-80% SoC. Wannan ba laifi bane a cajar ku; BMS ne da gangan ke rage cajin don hana haɓakar zafi da lalata tantanin halitta.
• "Matsalar" Motoci da Cajin Sannu:Direba na iya yin korafi game da jinkirin gudu koda akan caja mai ƙarfi. Wannan shi ne sau da yawa saboda abin hawan su yana da Cajin Kan-Board mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, kuma BMS ba zai nemi ƙarin iko fiye da yadda OBC ke iya ɗauka ba. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, ya ɓace zuwa aA hankali Cajibayanin martaba.
• Ƙarshen Zama na Ba zato:Zama na iya ƙarewa ba zato ba tsammani idan BMS ya gano wata matsala mai yuwuwa, kamar zafi da zafi na tantanin halitta ko rashin daidaituwar wutar lantarki. Yana aika umarnin "tsayawa" nan take zuwa caja don kare baturin. Bincike daga National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) ya tabbatar da cewa waɗannan kurakuran sadarwa sune tushen gazawar caji.
Yin Amfani da Bayanan BMS: Daga Black Box zuwa Haɓakar Kasuwanci
Tare da kayan aikin da ke tallafawaISO 15118, zaku iya juya BMS daga akwatin baƙar fata zuwa tushen mahimman bayanai. Wannan yana canza ayyukan ku.
Bayar da Babban Bincike da Cajin Wayo
Tsarin ku na iya karɓar bayanan ainihin-lokaci kai tsaye daga motar, gami da:
Madaidaicin Jihar Caji (SoC) cikin kashi dari.
•Zazzage baturi na ainihi.
• Takamaiman wutar lantarki da amperage da BMS ke nema.
Haɓaka Kwarewar Abokin Ciniki Da Kyau
Tare da wannan bayanan, allon cajar ku na iya samar da madaidaicin “Lokaci zuwa Cikakki”. Hakanan zaka iya nuna saƙonni masu taimako kamar, "An rage saurin caji don kare lafiyar baturin ku na dogon lokaci." Wannan bayyananniyar tana gina babbar amana ga direbobi.
Buɗe Sabis mai Mahimmanci kamar Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G)
V2G, babban abin da Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka ta mayar da hankali, yana ba da damar fakin EVs don samar da wutar lantarki zuwa grid. Wannan ba zai yuwu ba ba tare da ISO 15118 ba. Dole ne cajar ku ta sami damar neman ƙarfi daga abin hawa, umarnin da BMS kaɗai ke iya ba da izini da sarrafawa. Wannan yana buɗe hanyoyin samun kudaden shiga na gaba daga ayyukan grid.
Gaban Gaba: Haskoki daga 14th Shanghai Storage Energy Expo
Fasahar da ke cikin fakitin baturi tana ci gaba da sauri. Fahimtar abubuwan da suka faru a duniya kwanan nan kamar su14th Shanghai International Energy Storage Technology da Expo aikace-aikacenuna mana abin da ke gaba da kuma yadda zai yi tasiri ga BMS.
•Sabbin Sinadaran Baturi:Tashi naSodium-ionkumaƘarƙashin Jihabatura, wanda aka tattauna akai-akai a wurin nunin, yana gabatar da sabbin kaddarorin thermal da magudanar lantarki. BMS dole ne ya sami software mai sassauƙa don sarrafa waɗannan sabbin sinadarai cikin aminci da inganci.
• Fasfo na Twin & Baturi na Dijital:Babban jigo shine manufar "fasfo na baturi" - rikodin dijital na rayuwar baturi gaba ɗaya. BMS shine tushen wannan bayanan, yana bin kowane caji da zagayowar fitarwa don ƙirƙirar "tagwaye na dijital" wanda zai iya yin hasashen yanayin Lafiya ta gaba (SoH).
• AI da Koyan Injin:BMS na gaba zai yi amfani da AI don nazarin tsarin amfani da tsinkayar yanayin zafi, inganta yanayin caji a cikin ainihin lokaci don cikakkiyar ma'auni na sauri da lafiyar baturi.
Menene Wannan ke nufi gare ku?
Don gina hanyar sadarwar caji mai tabbatar da gaba, dabarun siyan ku dole ne su ba da fifikon sadarwa da hankali.
Hardware Tushen:Lokacin zabarKayan Aikin Samar da Motocin Lantarki (EVSE), tabbatar da cewa yana da cikakken kayan aiki da tallafin software don ISO 15118 kuma yana shirye don sabunta V2G na gaba.
Software shine Kwamitin Kula da Ku:Tsarin Gudanar da Tasha na Cajin ku (CSMS) dole ne ya sami damar fassara da amfani da wadataccen bayanan da motar BMS ta bayar.
• Abokin Hulɗarku:Mai ilimi Ma'aikacin Caji ko abokin tarayya na fasaha yana da mahimmanci. Za su iya samar da mafita mai maɓalli inda hardware, software, da cibiyar sadarwa duk an tsara su don yin aiki cikin jituwa. Sun fahimci halayen caji, kamar amsarSau nawa zan yi cajin ev zuwa 100 nawa?, tasiri lafiyar baturi da halayyar BMS.
Babban Abokin Cajin ku shine BMS
Shekaru, masana'antar ta mai da hankali kan isar da wutar lantarki kawai. Wannan zamanin ya kare. Don warware dogaro da matsalolin mai amfani da ke addabar cajin jama'a, dole ne mu ga abin hawaEV tsarin sarrafa baturia matsayin abokin ciniki na farko.
Sashen caji mai nasara shine tattaunawa mai nasara. Ta hanyar saka hannun jari a cikin abubuwan more rayuwa masu hankali waɗanda ke magana da yaren BMS ta ma'auni kamarISO 15118, kun matsa sama da kasancewa mai sauƙin amfani. Ka zama abokin haɗin gwiwar makamashi da ke tafiyar da bayanai, mai iya samar da mafi wayo, mafi aminci, da ƙarin ayyuka masu riba. Wannan shine mabuɗin gina hanyar sadarwar da ke bunƙasa a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-09-2025