Yayin da motocin lantarki (EVs) ke zama mafi mahimmanci, fahimtar bambance-bambance tsakaninDC sauri cajikumaCajin mataki na 2yana da mahimmanci ga masu mallakar EV na yanzu da masu yuwuwa. Wannan labarin yana bincika mahimman fasalulluka, fa'idodi, da iyakokin kowace hanyar caji, yana taimaka muku yanke shawarar wane zaɓi ya dace da bukatunku. Daga saurin caji da farashi zuwa shigarwa da tasirin muhalli, muna rufe duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don yin zaɓin da aka sani. Ko kuna neman caji a gida, kan tafiya, ko don tafiya mai nisa, wannan jagorar mai zurfi tana ba da kwatancen kwatance don taimaka muku kewaya duniyar da ke tasowa ta cajin EV.
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
Menene Cajin Saurin DC kuma Yaya Yayi Aiki?
Saurin Cajin DC (DCFC)hanya ce mai ƙarfi wacce ke juyar da Alternating Current (AC) zuwaHigh-Voltage Direct Current (DC) a cikin naúrar caji. Waɗannan caja yawanci suna aiki a400V ko 800V matakan ƙarfin lantarki, isar da iko daga50 kW har zuwa 350 kW (ko fiye), gudanarwa taKa'idojin IEC 61851-23. Farashin DCFCYana ƙetare na'ura mai canzawa AC/DCkuma yana ciyar da babban ƙarfin DC na yanzu kai tsaye zuwa baturin EV ta hanyar haɗin kai na musamman (kamarCCS, CHAdeMO, ko NACS). Bugu da ƙari, tsarin caji mai sauri ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar ka'idojin sadarwa kamarISO 15118 or OCPP (Open Charge Point Protocol)don tabbatar da tsaro na bayanai da mafi kyawun caji.
Ka'idar aiki na caji mai sauri na DC ya haɗa da samar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye zuwa baturin EV, ƙetare caja na motar. Wannan saurin isar da wutar lantarki yana baiwa ababen hawa damar yin caji cikin mintuna 30 a wasu lokuta, wanda hakan ya sa ya dace don tafiye-tafiyen babbar hanya da wuraren da ake buƙatar cajin gaggawa.
Mabuɗin Abubuwan Tattaunawa:
• Nau'in caja masu sauri na DC (CHAdeMO, CCS, Tesla Supercharger)
• Gudun caji (misali, 50 kW zuwa 350 kW)
• Wuraren da ake samun caja masu sauri na DC (hanyoyi, wuraren cajin birane)
Menene Cajin Mataki na 2 kuma Yaya Yayi Kwatanta da Cajin Saurin DC?
Mataki na 2 Cajikayayyaki240V Canjin Yanzu-lokaci ɗaya (AC)(a Arewacin Amurka), tare da iko yawanci kama daga3.3 zuwa 19.2 kW. Caja Level 2 (EVSE) yana aiki azaman amai wayo aminci canji, tare da caja na abin hawa yana sarrafa canjin AC-zuwa-DC. A Arewacin Amurka, dole ne a kiyaye matakan shigarwa na Mataki na 2Farashin 2594takaddun shaida da bin bin dokaLambar Lantarki ta Kasa (NEC) Mataki na 625. Wannan yawanci yana buƙatar asadaukar da 40A ko 50A kewaye, inda dole ne a kimanta duk abubuwan da aka gyara don125%na madaidaicin caja mai ci gaba.
Babban bambanci tsakanin cajin matakin 2 da caji mai sauri na DC yana cikin saurin aikin caji. Yayin da caja Level 2 ke da hankali, sun dace da cajin dare ko wurin aiki inda masu amfani za su iya barin abin hawan su na tsawon lokaci.
Mabuɗin Abubuwan Tattaunawa:
• Kwatancen fitarwar wutar lantarki (misali, 240V AC vs. 400V-800V DC)
• Lokacin caji don mataki na 2 (misali, awanni 4-8 don cikakken caji)
• Abubuwan da suka dace (cajin gida, cajin kasuwanci, tashoshin jama'a)
Menene Maɓallai Maɓalli a cikin Yin Cajin Tsakanin Cajin Saurin DC da Mataki na 2?
Bambanci na farko tsakanin caji mai sauri na DC da cajin Level 2 yana cikin saurin da kowanne zai iya cajin EV. Yayin da caja na mataki na 2 ke ba da hankali, matsakaicin saurin caji, ana ƙera caja masu sauri na DC don saurin cika batir EV.
Kwatanta Saurin Yanayin Caji (Bisa kan baturi 75 kWh)
| Yanayin Caji | Yawan Wutar Wuta | Range a kowace awa (RPH) | Lokacin cajin mil 200 | Ideal Case Amfani |
| Mataki na 2 (L2) | 7.7 kW | 23 mil | Kimanin 8.7 hours | Cajin Gida/Aiki na dare |
| Babban cajin DC (DCFC) | 150 kW | 450 mil | Kimanin Minti 27 | Tafiyar Hannu, Mai Na Gaggawa |
Ta yaya Nau'in Baturi Suke Shafi Gudun Caji?
Chemistry na baturi yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen saurin cajin EV. Yawancin motocin lantarki a yau suna amfani da batura lithium-ion (Li-ion), waɗanda ke da halaye daban-daban na caji.
• Batirin Lithium-ion: Waɗannan batura suna da ikon karɓar igiyoyin caji mai girma, suna sa su dace da duka Level 2 da DC da sauri caji. Koyaya, ƙimar caji yana raguwa yayin da baturin ke gabatowa da cikakken ƙarfi don hana zafi da lalacewa.
• Batura masu ƙarfi-jihar: Sabuwar fasaha wacce ke yin alƙawarin saurin caji fiye da batirin lithium-ion na yanzu. Koyaya, yawancin EVs a yau har yanzu suna dogaro da batir lithium-ion, kuma saurin caji yawanci ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar caja na motar da tsarin sarrafa baturi.
Tattaunawa:
• Me yasa caji ke raguwa yayin da baturi ya cika ( sarrafa baturi da iyakokin zafi)
Bambance-bambance a farashin caji tsakanin samfuran EV (misali, Teslas vs. Nissan Leafs)
• Tasirin caji mai sauri akan rayuwar baturi na dogon lokaci
Menene Abubuwan Haɓaka Kuɗi tare da Cajin Saurin DC vs Cajin Mataki na 2?
Farashin caji muhimmin la'akari ne ga masu EV. Kudin caji ya dogara da abubuwa daban-daban kamar ƙimar wutar lantarki, saurin caji, da ko mai amfani yana gida ko a tashar cajin jama'a.
| Factor Factor | Cajin Gida Level 2 (240V AC) | Saurin Cajin DC (DCFC) |
| Yawan Makamashi (Baseline) | Kimanin$0.16/kWh(A bisaEIA 2024matsakaicin farashin mazaunin) | Kewayo daga$0.35 zuwa $0.60/kWh(A bisaNREL 2024bayanan tallace-tallace na jama'a) |
| 75 kWh Cikakken Cajin Kudin | Kimanin$12.00(Farashin makamashi kawai) | Kewayo daga$26.25 zuwa $45.00(Farashin makamashi kawai) |
| Kudin Shigarwa na gaba | Bandafarashi na gaba (Avg.$1,000 - $2,500don kayan aiki da kayan aiki) | Hani babba(Duba dubu zuwa dubunnan daloli) |
| Premium/Kudade | Mafi ƙanƙanta (ƙimar lokacin-amfani na iya amfani) | Babban ƙima (Yawanci ya haɗa daKudin banza na minti dayada cajin buƙata) |
Menene Bukatun Shigarwa don Cajin Saurin DC & Cajin Mataki na 2?
Shigar da cajar EV yana buƙatar biyan wasu buƙatun lantarki. DominCaja mataki na 2, tsarin shigarwa gabaɗaya madaidaiciya, yayin daDC sauri cajayana buƙatar ƙarin hadaddun kayayyakin more rayuwa.
• Mataki na 2 Shigar Caji: Don shigar da caja Level 2 a gida, tsarin lantarki dole ne ya kasance mai iya tallafawa 240V, wanda yawanci yana buƙatar keɓaɓɓen kewayawar 30-50 amp. Masu gida galibi suna buƙatar hayar ma'aikacin lantarki don shigar da caja.
• Shigar da Saurin Cajin DC: DC masu saurin caja suna buƙatar tsarin wutar lantarki mafi girma (yawanci 400-800V), tare da ƙarin kayan aikin lantarki na ci gaba, kamar samar da wutar lantarki 3-phase. Wannan ya sa su fi tsada da sarƙaƙƙiya don girka su, tare da wasu kuɗin shiga cikin dubun dubatar daloli.
• Mataki na 2: Sauƙaƙan shigarwa, in mun gwada ƙarancin farashi.
• DC Saurin Cajin: Yana buƙatar tsarin ƙarfin lantarki, shigarwa mai tsada.
Ina Manyan Caja Masu Saurin DC Suke Wurare vs Level 2 Caja?
DC sauri cajayawanci ana shigar da su a wuraren da ake buƙatar lokacin juyawa cikin gaggawa, kamar kan manyan tituna, a manyan wuraren tafiye-tafiye, ko a cikin birane masu yawan jama'a. Caja mataki na 2, a gefe guda, ana samun su a gida, wuraren aiki, wuraren ajiye motoci na jama'a, da wuraren sayar da kayayyaki, suna ba da zaɓuɓɓukan caji a hankali, ƙarin tattalin arziki.
• Wuraren Cajin Saurin DC: Tashoshin jiragen sama, wuraren hutawa na babbar hanya, tashoshin gas, da cibiyoyin cajin jama'a kamar tashoshin cajin Tesla.
• Wuraren Cajin Mataki na 2: Garages na zama, manyan kantuna, gine-ginen ofis, garejin ajiye motoci, da wuraren kasuwanci.
Ta yaya Saurin Cajin Yayi Tasirin Kwarewar Tuƙi na EV?
Gudun da za a iya cajin EV yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan ƙwarewar mai amfani.DC sauri cajarage raguwar lokaci sosai, yana mai da su manufa don dogon tafiye-tafiye inda saurin caji yana da mahimmanci. A wannan bangaren,Caja mataki na 2sun dace da masu amfani waɗanda za su iya samun tsawon lokacin caji, kamar cajin dare a gida ko lokacin aiki.
• Tafiya Dogon Nisa: Don tafiye-tafiyen hanya da tafiye-tafiye mai nisa, DC sauri caja ba makawa ne, ba da damar direbobi su yi caji da sauri kuma su ci gaba da tafiya ba tare da bata lokaci ba.
• Amfanin yau da kullum: Don tafiye-tafiye na yau da kullun da gajerun tafiye-tafiye, caja Level 2 suna ba da isasshiyar mafita mai inganci.
Menene Tasirin Muhalli na Cajin Saurin DC vs Cajin Mataki na 2?
Daga mahallin mahalli, duka cajin DC da sauri da caji na Level 2 suna da la'akari na musamman. Caja masu sauri na DC suna cinye ƙarin wutar lantarki a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda zai iya sanya ƙarin damuwa akan grid na gida. Koyaya, tasirin muhalli ya dogara ne akan tushen makamashi da ke ba da caja.
• DC Saurin Cajin: Ganin yawan amfani da makamashin su, caja masu sauri na DC na iya ba da gudummawa ga rashin zaman lafiya a wuraren da ba su da isasshen kayan aiki. Koyaya, idan ana ƙarfafa su ta hanyoyin da ake sabunta su kamar hasken rana ko iska, tasirin muhallinsu yana raguwa sosai.
• Cajin mataki na 2: Caja mataki na 2 yana da ƙaramin sawun muhalli a kowane caji, amma tasirin caji mai yaɗuwa zai iya haifar da matsala akan grid ɗin wutar lantarki na gida, musamman a cikin sa'o'i mafi girma.
Menene Makomar Rike don Cajin Saurin DC da Cajin Mataki na 2?
Kamar yadda tallafi na EV ke ci gaba da girma, duka cajin DC da sauri da caji na Level 2 suna haɓaka don biyan buƙatun canjin yanayin mota. Sabbin sabbin abubuwa na gaba sun haɗa da:
• Saurin Caja Mai Saurin DCSabbin fasahohi, kamar tashoshin caji mai sauri (350 kW da sama), suna tasowa don rage lokutan caji har ma da gaba.
• Kayan aikin Cajin Smart: Haɗin fasahar caji mai kaifin baki wanda zai iya inganta lokutan caji da sarrafa buƙatar makamashi.
• Cajin mara waya: Mai yuwuwa duka biyun Level 2 da DC caja masu sauri su rikide zuwa tsarin caji mara waya (inductive).
Kammalawa
Shawarar tsakanin caji mai sauri na DC da caji Level 2 a ƙarshe ya dogara da buƙatun mai amfani, ƙayyadaddun abin hawa, da halaye na caji. Don sauri, cajin kan-tafiya, caja masu sauri na DC sune bayyanannen zaɓi. Koyaya, don farashi mai tsada, amfanin yau da kullun, caja Level 2 suna ba da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci.
Ƙwarewar Ƙwararru ta Linkpower:Kamar yadda amanufacturer tare da m EVSE R&D da aikin gwaninta, muna ba da shawara ga abokan cinikin kasuwanci da ke tura tashoshin caji don amfani da suOCPP yarjejeniyadominSmart Load Management da kuma tuntuɓar ƙwararrun ma'aikatan wutar lantarki don tabbatar da bin dokaMatsayin NEC/ULkumadokokin haɗin gwiwar grid mai amfani. Bayananmu sun nuna cewatura matakin mai kaifin basira 2 (maimakon dogaro akan DCFC)yana ba da mafi girman ROI na dogon lokaci a cikin yanayi na kasuwanci da na gidaje da yawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-08-2024