Tare da saurin karɓar EVs na duniya, wannan jagorar yana mai da hankali kan hadaddun, haɓakawaArewacin Amurka cajin muhalli. Muna haɗa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun fasaha na yanzu da mahimman bayanan tura aikin injiniya waɗanda aka samo daga ƙungiyoyin masana'antu (SAE, CharIN), da tushen bayanai masu ƙarfi (DOE, NREL), suna mai da hankali kan takaddun daidaitattun SAE J1772 da ISO 15118. Binciken yana bincika ƙayyadaddun fasaha, iyakoki masu dacewa, da abubuwan da ke gaba, da nufin samar da bincike na asali ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na haɗin gwiwar yarjejeniya.
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
1. Menene CCS Cajin?
CCS (Haɗin Cajin Tsarin)daidaitaccen cajin EV ne wanda ake amfani dashi sosai a Turai kumaa bayababban ma'aunin caji mai sauri a Arewacin Amurka. Yana goyan bayan duka biyunAC (Madaidaicin Yanzu)kumaDC (kai tsaye a halin yanzu)caji ta hanyar haɗi guda ɗaya, yana ba da sassauci ga masu amfani. Mai haɗin CCS yana haɗa daidaitattun fitattun cajin AC (kamar J1772 a Arewacin Amurka ko Nau'in 2 a Turai) tare da ƙarin fil ɗin DC guda biyu, yana ba da damar cajin AC mai sauri da babban cajin DC mai sauri ta tashar tashar guda ɗaya.
Amfanin CCS:
• Cajin ayyuka masu yawa:Yana goyan bayan cajin AC da DC, dacewa da cajin gida da na jama'a.
• Saurin Caji:Cajin gaggawa na DC na iya yawanci cajin baturi zuwa 80% cikin ƙasa da mintuna 30, yana rage lokacin caji sosai.
• Babban karɓuwa:Manyan masu kera motoci ne suka karɓo kuma aka haɗa su cikin ƙarin adadin tashoshin cajin jama'a.
A matsayin ma'auni na wajibi a cikin Tarayyar Turai, CCS2 ya kasance babban mai haɗin caji mai sauri na DC.A cewar hukumarBayanan Madadin Fuels na Turai (EAFO) (Q4 2024), mafi rinjaye (kimanin85% zuwa 90%) na wuraren cajin jama'a suna amfani da haɗin nau'in 2 (AC) ko CCS (DC). [Farashin ACEA]. Data dagaMa'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka (DOE)yana nuna cewa CCS ta kasance ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun motocin da ba Tesla ba a Arewacin Amurka, har ma a cikin canjin NACS [DOE-AFDC Source].
2. Wadanne Motoci ne ke Goyan bayan Cajin CCS?
CCSya ragemadaidaicin caji mai sauria duniya, musamman a Turai. A Arewacin Amurka, yawancin waɗanda ba Tesla EVs ba (samfuran pre-2025) suna tallafawa CCS1, kodayake masana'antun da yawa sun ba da sanarwar canzawa zuwa tashoshin NACS waɗanda ke farawa a cikin 2025.
Motoci masu tallafi sun haɗa da:
•Volkswagen ID.4
• BMW i4 da iX jerin
• Ford Mustang Mach-E
Hyundai Ioniq 5
• Kia EV6
Waɗannan motocin sun dace da mafi yawan cibiyoyin caji mai sauri, suna ba da ƙwarewar dacewa don tafiya mai nisa.
3. Canjin yanayin yanayin Arewacin Amurka: CCS1 vs. SAE J3400 (NACS)
A halin yanzu ana siffanta kasuwar Arewacin Amurka ta hanyar gasa tsakaninCCS1(ma'aunin CCS na yanki) da kumaTsarin Cajin Arewacin Amurka (NACS), wanda aka daidaita ta Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) kamar yaddaSAE J3400.
Wannan labarin yana ba da cikakken bincike game da yanayin caji na Arewacin Amurka na yanzu, yana mai da hankali kan ƙayyadaddun bayanai da fasaha.kalubalen turawa a kasana CCS1, J1772, da ma'aunin SAE J3400 (NACS).Muna haɗa bayanan da aka samo daga manyan masu yin caji na cibiyar sadarwa da takaddun injiniya na keradon kwatanta nau'ikan caji, dacewa ta jiki, da yanayin dogon lokaci.
| Siffar | CCS1 (Haɗin Tsarin Caji) | NACS / SAE J3400 (Tsarin Cajin Arewacin Amurka) |
|---|---|---|
| Zane Mai Haɗi | Mai girma, mai haɗawa mai girma yana haɗa fitilun J1772 tare da fil biyu na DC. | Karami, mai sauƙi, kuma ƙarin ƙirar ergonomic; saitin fil ɗaya don duka AC/DC. |
| Yanki mai rinjaye | Turai (kamar CCS2) kuma a baya Arewacin Amurka. | Arewacin Amurka (saitin ya zama ma'auni na tsoho). |
| Gaban Outlook | Zai kasance mai mahimmanci ga jiragen ruwa na Tesla EV na yanzu kuma ta hanyar adaftar. | Manyan masu kera motoci suna karbe shi don sabbin samfura masu farawa a ciki2025/2026. |
Daidaitawar mai haɗin NACS kamarSAE J3400yana ba da taswirar masana'antu bayyananne, yana tabbatar da haɗin kai da takaddun aminci don karɓuwar ta da yawa a cikin Arewacin Amurka.
4. Menene J1772 Caji?
SAE J1772shine ma'auniAC (Madaidaicin Yanzu)mai haɗa caji a Arewacin Amurka, da farko ana amfani dashi donMataki na 1 (120V)kumaMataki na 2 (240V)caji. Ƙungiya ta haɓakaInjiniyoyin Motoci (SAE),ya dace da kusan dukkan EVs da kuma toshe-in-hannun motocin lantarki (PHEVs) da ake siyarwa a Arewacin Amurka.
Bayani na J1772
• Cajin AC kawai:Ya dace da jinkirin caji a gida ko wuraren aiki.
• Faɗin dacewa:Ana goyan bayan kusan dukkanin EVs da PHEVs a Arewacin Amurka.
Amfanin Gida da Jama'a:Yawanci ana amfani dashi a saitin cajin gida da tashoshin cajin AC na jama'a.
Kididdigar masana'antu sun nuna cewafiye da 80-90%na rukunin caji na gida na Level 2 wanda aka sayar a Arewacin Amurka yana nuna mai haɗin J1772, yana kafa shi azaman ma'aunin AC na duniya. Masu mallakar Tesla na iya cajin motocin su a yawancin tashoshin AC na jama'a ta amfani da adaftar J1772. Bugu da ƙari, wani rahoto daga Electric Mobility Canada yana ba da haske game da dogaro ga J1772 ta Nissan Leaf da masu Chevrolet Bolt EV don cajin yau da kullun.
5. Wadanne Motoci ne ke Goyan bayan Cajin J1772?
Mafi yawanEVskumaPHEVsa Arewacin Amurka suna da kayan aikiJ1772 masu haɗawa, sanya shi mafi dacewa daidaitattun ma'auni don cajin matakin 1 da matakin 2.
Motoci masu tallafi sun haɗa da:
• Samfuran Tesla (tare da adaftan)
• Nissan Leaf
• Chevrolet Bolt EV
• Toyota Prius Prime (PHEV)
A m karfinsu na J1772 ya sa ya zama daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri caje matsayin a Arewacin Amirka.A matsayin duniya Level 2 (AC) misali, duk wadanda ba Tesla EVs da PHEVs samar ga Arewacin Amirka kasuwar (kafin NACS miƙa mulki, misali, pre-2025/2026 model) an sanye take da wani J1772 / 2026 model) suna sanye take da wani J1772 ACchar tashar jiragen ruwa, yin shi a matsayin m tashar jiragen ruwa. Amfani da Tesla na adaftar J1772 yana ba motocinsa damar yin caji a kusan dukkanin tashoshin AC na jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, bincike na Electric Motsi Canada ya nuna cewa Nissan Leaf da Chevrolet Bolt EV masu mallaki suna da daraja sosai da dacewa da sauƙin amfani da J1772.
6. Mabuɗin Bambanci Tsakanin CCS da J1772
Lokacin zabar ma'aunin caji, masu amfani yakamata suyi la'akarisaurin caji,dacewa, da kuma amfani da lokuta. Ga manyan bambance-bambance:
| Kwatanta | CCS (Haɗin Cajin Tsarin) | J1772 (SAE J1772) |
| Nau'in Caji | Yana goyan bayan AC (Level 2) daDC (Level 3) caji mai sauri | Cajin AC kawai(Mataki na 1 da Mataki na 2) |
| Saurin Caji | Cajin gaggawa na DC yawanci 50 kW zuwa 350 kW (a ƙarƙashin minti 30 zuwa 80%) | Mataki na 2 caji har zuwa 19.2 kW (4-8 hours don cikakken caji) |
| Zane Mai Haɗi | Mai girma, babban mai haɗawa mai haɗawa J1772 AC fil tare da keɓaɓɓun fil biyu na DC. | Karamin mai haɗa cajin AC don Level 1/2 kawai. |
| Ka'idar Sadarwa | TS ISO 15118 Mai ɗaukar Layin Wuta - PLCdon abubuwan ci-gaba (misali, Toshe da Caji) | SAE J1772 (Siginar matukin jirgi)don sarrafa caji na asali da haɗin kai. |
| Kudin Hardware | (Rukunin DCFC): $10,000 zuwa sama da $40,000 USD (na rukunin 50-150 kW, ban da injiniyan farar hula) | Rukunin Gida na 2: Yawanci$300 - $1,000 USDdon naúrar hardware. |
| Amfani da Cases | Cajin gida, tafiya mai nisa, da cajin jama'a mai sauri. | Gida ko wurin aiki jinkirin caji (parking na dare/na rana). |
a. Saurin Caji:
CCS da NACS suna goyan bayan caji mai sauri na DC, yawanci daga 50 kW zuwa350 kW(ya danganta da tashar tashar da gine-ginen abin hawa). J1772 yana iyakance zuwa cajin AC Level 2, tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin fitarwa na19.2 kW.
b. Kudin Shigarwa & Haɗin Kai:Yayin da shigarwar J1772 (Mataki na 2) ya yi daidai da haɗa manyan kayan aiki ($ 300-$1,000 don kayan aiki), ƙaddamar da rukunin yanar gizon DCFC (CCS/NACS) yana wakiltar babban aikin injiniya. Jimlar farashin aikin (>$ 100,000 USD) galibi ana mamaye su ta hanyar haɓaka grid mai amfani, farashi mai canzawa, da izini na musamman - abubuwan da suka zarce farashin kayan aikin naúrar $10,000-$40,000.[Binciken Kudin NREL].
c. Zane Mai Haɗi
CCS: Ya haɗu da J1772 AC fil tare da ƙarin nau'i biyu na DC, yana sa ya fi girma fiye da daidaitattun haɗin J1772 amma yana ba da damar sassauci.
J1772: Mai haɗaɗɗen haɗin kai wanda ke goyan bayan cajin AC keɓaɓɓen.
d. Daidaituwa
CCS: Mai jituwa tare da EVs da aka tsara don cajin AC da DC, musamman masu fa'ida don doguwar tafiye-tafiye da ke buƙatar tsayawar caji mai sauri.
J1772: Mai jituwa a duniya baki ɗaya tare da duk EVs na Arewacin Amurka da PHEVs don cajin AC, ana amfani da su sosai a tashoshin cajin gida da caja na AC na jama'a.
e. Aikace-aikace
CCS: Mafi dacewa ga duka cajin gida da caji mai sauri akan tafiya, dace da EVs waɗanda ke buƙatar zaɓuɓɓukan caji da sauri.
J1772Mafi dacewa don cajin gida ko wurin aiki, mafi kyau don caji na dare ko saituna inda saurin ba shi da mahimmanci.
f. Haɗin gwiwar yarjejeniya: SAE J3400 da ISO 15118
Ma'aunin CCS ya dogara da ISO 15118 (musamman 15118-2/20 don PLC akan layin Pilot) don ba da damar amintattun fasalulluka kamar Toshe da Cajin (P&C). Mahimmanci, an ƙayyade ma'aunin SAE J3400 a sarari don dacewa da lantarki tare da ka'idar ISO 15118 ta hanyar PLC. Wannan yana nufin motocin da ke da NACS suna iya tallafawa fasalulluka na P&C da V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid), muddin aka sabunta bayanan tashar caji da firmware don aiwatar da musafikan ka'idar ISO 15118 don mai haɗin J3400. Wannan hulɗar mabuɗin shine maɓalli ga sauyi mara sumul.
[Bayanin Taimakon Kayayyakin gani] Dubi Hoto 1 don J1772 vs. CCS1 Mai Haɗi Pinouts
7. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
1.Shin motocin J1772-kawai (AC) na iya caji a tashar CCS?
A'a, ba kai tsaye don caji mai sauri na DC ba. Yayin da babban rabin tashar tashar CCS tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta J1772 ce, tashoshin cajin DC na jama'a kawai suna ba da cikakken bindigar CCS (DC). Motar J1772 kawai ba zata iya amfani da fitilun DC masu ƙarfi ba.
2.Shin ana samun cajar CCS da yawa a tashoshin cajin jama'a?
Ee.Caja CCS (CCS1/CCS2) na gama gari a duniya. A Arewacin Amurka, hanyar sadarwar tana da yawa, kuma yawancin tashoshi suna ƙara masu haɗin NACS tare da CCS1 don dacewa a gaba.
3.Do motocin Tesla suna tallafawa CCS ko J1772?
Motocin Tesla a asali suna amfani da haɗin NACS. Za su iya yin caji a tashoshin J1772 (AC) ta amfani da adaftar, kuma za su iya samun damar shiga cibiyar sadarwar caji mai sauri ta CCS DC ta amfani da adaftar CCS da masana'anta suka samar.
4.Wanne ya fi sauri: CCS ko J1772?
CCS da NACS (J3400) suna da sauri fiye da J1772.Wannan saboda CCS da NACS suna tallafawa Level 3 DC caji mai sauri, yayin da J1772 ke iyakance ga Level 1/2 AC jinkirin caji.
5. Menene ikon caji na caja J1772?
J1772 caja yawanci goyan bayan matakin 1 (120V, 1.4-1.9 kW) da Level 2 (240V, 3.3-19.2 kW) caji.
6.Menene iyakar cajin cajar CCS?
Caja na CCS yawanci suna tallafawa matakan wutar lantarki daga 50 kW zuwa 350 kW, ya danganta da tashar caji da abin hawa.
7.What ne na hali hardware kudin J1772 da CCS / NACS caja?
J1772 Level 2 raka'a yawanci farashin $300 - $1,000 USD (ban da wayoyi na zama). DCFC (CCS/NACS) raka'a (50-150 kW) yawanci farashin $10,000 - $40,000+ USD (na naúrar hardware kawai). Lura: Jimlar farashin aikin DCFC yakan wuce $100,000.
8.Shin za a kawar da CCS1 a Arewacin Amurka?
CCS1 yana cikin lokacin canji. Yayin da yawancin masu kera motoci suka sadaukar da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na NACS tun daga 2025/2026, CCS1 zai kasance mai mahimmanci ga miliyoyin EVs da ba na Tesla ba na shekaru. Cibiyoyin caji suna tafiya zuwa tashoshin jiragen ruwa biyu (CCS1 + NACS).
8.Future Trends da Shawarwari masu amfani
Yayin da kasuwar EV ke ci gaba da girma, yanayin caji yana zama a fili rarrabuwa ta yanki da shari'ar amfani:
• Matsayin Duniya: CCS2ya kasance mizanin da ba na Tesla ba a duk faɗin Turai da sauran manyan kasuwannin duniya.
•Amirka ta Arewa: SAE J3400 (NACS)cikin sauri ya zama babban sabon ma'auni don cajin abin hawa cikin sauri, wanda kusan dukkanin manyan masu kera motoci ke goyan bayansu. CCS1 zai kasance mai mahimmanci yayin lokacin canji.
• Cajin Gida: SAE J1772(Mataki na 2) zai ci gaba da mamaye gida mai arha, jinkirin cajin gida da kasuwannin wurin aiki saboda duniya da sauƙi.
Ga masu amfani, zaɓin ya dogara da wuri. A Turai, dacewa da CCS2 wajibi ne. A Arewacin Amirka, zabar abin hawa tare daNACS na asali (J3400)ita ce hanya mafi kyau don tabbatar da saka hannun jari a nan gaba, yayin da masu mallakar Tesla na yanzu dole ne su dogara da wanzuwarCCS1cibiyar sadarwa da adaftan don samun damar Supercharger. Yanayin yana zuwatashoshin caji mai tashar jiragen ruwa biyudon bauta wa duka jiragen ruwa na CCS na yanzu da na gaba na NACS.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-31-2024