Tare da saurin karɓar motocin lantarki na duniya (EVs), haɓaka ayyukan caji ya zama babban abin da aka mayar da hankali a cikin masana'antar. A halin yanzu,SAE J1772kumaCCS (Haɗin Cajin Tsarin)sune ka'idojin caji biyu da aka fi amfani da su a Arewacin Amurka da Turai. Wannan labarin yana ba da kwatance mai zurfi na waɗannan ƙa'idodi, yana nazarin nau'ikan cajin su, dacewa, yanayin amfani, da yanayin gaba don taimakawa masu amfani su zaɓi madaidaicin maganin caji don buƙatun su.
1. Menene CCS Cajin?
CCS (Haɗin Cajin Tsarin)mizanin cajin EV ne mai amfani da yawa a Arewacin Amurka da Turai. Yana goyan bayan duka biyunAC (Madaidaicin Yanzu)kumaDC (kai tsaye a halin yanzu)caji ta hanyar haɗi guda ɗaya, yana ba da sassauci ga masu amfani. Mai haɗin CCS yana haɗa daidaitattun fitattun cajin AC (kamar J1772 a Arewacin Amurka ko Nau'in 2 a Turai) tare da ƙarin fil ɗin DC guda biyu, yana ba da damar cajin AC mai sauri da babban cajin DC mai sauri ta tashar tashar guda ɗaya.
Amfanin CCS:
• Cajin ayyuka da yawa:Yana goyan bayan cajin AC da DC, dacewa da cajin gida da na jama'a.
• Saurin Caji:Cajin gaggawa na DC na iya yawanci cajin baturi zuwa 80% cikin ƙasa da mintuna 30, yana rage lokacin caji sosai.
• Babban karɓuwa:Manyan masu kera motoci ne suka karɓo kuma aka haɗa su cikin ƙarin adadin tashoshin cajin jama'a.
Dangane da ƙungiyar masu kera motoci ta Turai (ACEA), kamar na 2024, sama da kashi 70% na tashoshin cajin jama'a a Turai suna tallafawa CCS, tare da ɗaukar hoto sama da 90% a ƙasashe kamar Jamus, Faransa, da Netherlands. Bugu da ƙari, bayanai daga Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka (DOE) sun nuna cewa CCS tana da sama da kashi 60% na cibiyoyin cajin jama'a a Arewacin Amurka, wanda hakan ya sa ya zama ma'aunin da aka fi so don babbar hanya da tafiye-tafiye mai nisa.
2. Wadanne Motoci ne ke Goyan bayan Cajin CCS?
CCSya zama babban ma'aunin caji mai sauri a Arewacin Amurka da Turai, wanda ke samun goyan bayan motoci kamar:
•Volkswagen ID.4
• BMW i4 da iX jerin
• Ford Mustang Mach-E
Hyundai Ioniq 5
• Kia EV6
Waɗannan motocin sun dace da mafi yawan cibiyoyin caji mai sauri, suna ba da ƙwarewar dacewa don tafiya mai nisa.
Dangane da Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Turai (AVERE), sama da 80% na EVs da aka sayar a Turai a cikin 2024 suna goyon bayan CCS. Misali, Volkswagen ID.4, EV mai siyar da kaya a Turai, ana yaba masa sosai saboda dacewarsa ta CCS. Bugu da ƙari, bincike na Ƙungiyar Motoci ta Amurka (AAA) ya nuna cewa Ford Mustang Mach-E da Hyundai Ioniq 5 masu suna da daraja sosai don saukaka cajin CCS.
3. Menene J1772 Caji?
SAE J1772shine ma'auniAC (Madaidaicin Yanzu)mai haɗa caji a Arewacin Amurka, da farko ana amfani dashi donMataki na 1 (120V)kumaMataki na 2 (240V)caji. Ƙungiya ta haɓakaInjiniyoyin Motoci (SAE),ya dace da kusan dukkan EVs da kuma toshe-in-hannun motocin lantarki (PHEVs) da ake siyarwa a Arewacin Amurka.
Bayani na J1772
• Cajin AC kawai:Ya dace da jinkirin caji a gida ko wuraren aiki.
• Faɗin dacewa:Ana goyan bayan kusan dukkanin EVs da PHEVs a Arewacin Amurka.
Amfanin Gida da Jama'a:Yawanci ana amfani dashi a saitin cajin gida da tashoshin cajin AC na jama'a.
A cewar ma'aikatar ta AmurkaMakamashi (DOE), Sama da 90% na tashoshin caji na gida a Arewacin Amurka suna amfani da J1772 kamar na 2024. Masu Tesla na iya cajin motocin su a yawancin tashoshin AC ta jama'a ta amfani da adaftar J1772. Bugu da ƙari, wani rahoto daga Electric Mobility Canada yana ba da haske game da dogaro ga J1772 ta Nissan Leaf da masu Chevrolet Bolt EV don cajin yau da kullun.
4. Wadanne Motoci ne ke Goyan bayan Cajin J1772?
Mafi yawanEVskumaPHEVsa Arewacin Amurka suna da kayan aikiJ1772 masu haɗawa, ciki har da:
• Samfuran Tesla (tare da adaftan)
• Nissan Leaf
• Chevrolet Bolt EV
• Toyota Prius Prime (PHEV)
Faɗin dacewa na J1772 ya sa ya zama ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun ma'aunin caji a Arewacin Amurka.
Dangane da Hukumar Kare Muhalli ta Amurka (EPA), sama da 95% na EVs da aka sayar a Arewacin Amurka a cikin 2024 tallafin J1772. Amfani da Tesla na adaftar J1772 yana ba motocinsa damar yin caji a kusan dukkanin tashoshin AC na jama'a. Bugu da ƙari, bincike na Electric Motsi Canada ya nuna cewa Nissan Leaf da Chevrolet Bolt EV masu mallaki suna da daraja sosai da dacewa da sauƙin amfani da J1772.
5. Mabuɗin Bambanci Tsakanin CCS da J1772
Lokacin zabar ma'aunin caji, masu amfani yakamata suyi la'akarisaurin caji, dacewa, da kuma amfani da lokuta. Ga manyan bambance-bambance:
a. Nau'in Caji
CCS: Yana goyan bayan duka AC (Level 1 da 2) da kuma cajin gaggawa na DC (Mataki na 3), yana ba da mafita mai sauƙin caji a cikin mai haɗawa ɗaya.
J1772: Da farko yana goyan bayan cajin AC kawai, dacewa da cajin matakin 1 (120V) da matakin 2 (240V).
b. Saurin Caji
CCS: Yana ba da saurin caji mai sauri tare da ƙarfin cajin gaggawa na DC, yawanci yana kai har zuwa cajin 80% a cikin mintuna 20-40 don motocin da suka dace.
J1772: Iyakance ga saurin cajin AC; caja Level 2 na iya cika yawancin EVs cikin sa'o'i 4-8.
c. Zane Mai Haɗi
CCS: Ya haɗu da J1772 AC fil tare da ƙarin nau'i biyu na DC, yana sa ya fi girma fiye da daidaitattun haɗin J1772 amma yana ba da damar sassauci.
J1772: Mai haɗaɗɗen haɗin kai wanda ke goyan bayan cajin AC keɓaɓɓen.
d. Daidaituwa
CCS: Mai jituwa tare da EVs da aka tsara don cajin AC da DC, musamman masu fa'ida don doguwar tafiye-tafiye da ke buƙatar tsayawar caji mai sauri.
J1772: Mai jituwa a duniya baki ɗaya tare da duk EVs na Arewacin Amurka da PHEVs don cajin AC, ana amfani da su sosai a tashoshin cajin gida da caja na AC na jama'a.
e. Aikace-aikace
CCS: Mafi dacewa ga duka cajin gida da caji mai sauri akan tafiya, dace da EVs waɗanda ke buƙatar zaɓuɓɓukan caji da sauri.
J1772Mafi dacewa don cajin gida ko wurin aiki, mafi kyau don caji na dare ko saituna inda saurin ba shi da mahimmanci.
Saukewa: SAE J1772
CCS Connector Pinouts
6. Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
1.Za a iya amfani da caja na CCS don motocin J1772-kawai?
A'a, motocin J1772-kawai ba za su iya amfani da CCS don cajin DC cikin sauri ba, amma suna iya amfani da tashoshin cajin AC akan caja CCS.
2.Shin ana samun cajar CCS da yawa a tashoshin cajin jama'a?
Ee, Caja na CCS suna ƙara zama gama gari a cikin manyan cibiyoyin cajin jama'a a faɗin Arewacin Amurka da Turai.
3.Do motocin Tesla suna tallafawa CCS ko J1772?
Motocin Tesla na iya amfani da caja J1772 tare da adaftar, kuma wasu samfuran kuma suna goyan bayan caji mai sauri na CCS.
4.Wanne ya fi sauri: CCS ko J1772?
CCS tana goyan bayan caji mai sauri na DC, wanda yayi sauri fiye da cajin AC na J1772.
5.Shin ikon CCS yana da mahimmanci lokacin siyan sabon EV?
Idan kuna yawan yin doguwar tafiya, CCS yana da fa'ida sosai. Don gajerun tafiye-tafiye da cajin gida, J1772 na iya isa.
6. Menene ikon caji na caja J1772?
J1772 caja yawanci goyan bayan matakin 1 (120V, 1.4-1.9 kW) da Level 2 (240V, 3.3-19.2 kW) caji.
7.Menene iyakar cajin cajar CCS?
Caja na CCS yawanci suna tallafawa matakan wutar lantarki daga 50 kW zuwa 350 kW, ya danganta da tashar caji da abin hawa.
8. Menene farashin shigarwa don J1772 da caja CCS?
J1772 caja yawanci ba su da tsada don shigarwa, farashin kusan 300−700, yayin da caja CCS, ke tallafawa caji mai sauri, farashi tsakanin 1000 da 5000.
9.Shin CCS da J1772 masu haɗa caji sun dace?
Sashin cajin AC na mahaɗin CCS ya dace da J1772, amma ɓangaren cajin DC yana aiki ne kawai da motocin CCS masu jituwa.
10.Shin za a haɗa ka'idojin caji na EV a nan gaba?
A halin yanzu, ma'aunai kamar CCS da CHAdeMO suna tare, amma CCS na samun karbuwa cikin sauri a Turai da Arewacin Amurka, mai yuwuwar zama babban ma'auni.
7.Future Trends da User Shawarwari
Yayin da kasuwar EV ke ci gaba da girma, karɓar CCS yana ƙaruwa da sauri, musamman don tafiye-tafiye mai nisa da cajin jama'a. Koyaya, J1772 ya kasance mafificin ma'auni don cajin gida saboda faɗin dacewarsa da ƙarancin farashi. Ga masu amfani waɗanda ke yawan tafiya mai nisa akai-akai, ana ba da shawarar zaɓar abin hawa mai ƙarfin CCS. Ga waɗanda da farko tuƙi a cikin birane, J1772 ya isa ga bukatun yau da kullum.
A cewar Hukumar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya (IEA), ikon mallakar EV na duniya ana hasashen zai kai miliyan 245 nan da shekarar 2030, tare da CCS da J1772 suna ci gaba da kasancewa manyan ka'idoji. Misali, Turai tana shirin faɗaɗa hanyar sadarwar caji ta CCS zuwa tashoshi miliyan 1 nan da 2025 don biyan buƙatun EV mai girma. Bugu da ƙari, binciken da Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka (DOE) ta yi ya nuna cewa J1772 zai kula da sama da kashi 80% na kasuwannin caji na gida, musamman a sabbin na'urorin caji na gida da na al'umma.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-31-2024